Effectively a turning the class weapon into a +1 weapon. Is there a way to homebrew this in beyond or do I create the ring then create weapons as separate items to appear in my actions? Also, why does no such item exist in a sourcebook?

Is there a way to homebrew this in beyond

No. Items cannot affect class or subclass features.

or do I create the ring then create weapons as separate items to appear in my actions?

It would be a ring with descriptive text. You can use custom actions to represent the psychic blades.

Also, why does no such item exist in a sourcebook?

Same reason you won't find a Stephen King book about fairy unicorn princesses saving the teddy bears from an orc army. The writers didn't write it. 

So how would I make the custom action work. I cannot find a way to adjust the "to hit" and I'm sure the way I adjust the bonus damage would break when my DEX changes

Made a video for you.

Absolute legend. I had no idea I could modify the already extant attack, and for some reason, you can't adjust to hit in custom attacks, just the damage