When you take the attack action with a light melee weapon which you are holding in one hand, you can use your bonus action to attack with a different light melee weapon you're holding with your other hand, without adding your ability modifier to the damage.
So, answering your question:
1) There's no way to use two-weapon fighting with a bow, since a bow is not a light melee weapon.
2) When you get an opportunity attack, you only get one strike.
Also, using that second-hand attack requires your bonus action.
There are feats and special abilities that modify those basic rules, e.g. "Crossbow Expert" or "Duel Weilder".
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Playing with 2 weapon fighting...
If I'm shooting a bow, is it 2 shots? Or just 1?
Also, on opportunity attacks, is it one strike or two?
The rules for two-weapon fighting are at https://www.dndbeyond.com/sources/phb/combat#TwoWeaponFighting . The specific wording there answers all your questions.
When you take the attack action with a light melee weapon which you are holding in one hand, you can use your bonus action to attack with a different light melee weapon you're holding with your other hand, without adding your ability modifier to the damage.
So, answering your question:
1) There's no way to use two-weapon fighting with a bow, since a bow is not a light melee weapon.
2) When you get an opportunity attack, you only get one strike.
Also, using that second-hand attack requires your bonus action.
There are feats and special abilities that modify those basic rules, e.g. "Crossbow Expert" or "Duel Weilder".