I am developing a campaign setting in Pandemonium, a plane of rock and deafening winds. I have all the material I need to create the actual setting, but I cannot for the life of me even figure out the central conflict of the story. Like whom in their right mind would go to Pandemonium, much less stay there. I find it hard to believe that players could be persuaded to investigate its depths just for the desire of gold. So I've turned to the forums for ideas or even a suggestion of what I should do.

They were banished there and are searching for a way home. Just let them know so they don’t choose a bunch of backgrounds that will be worthless. You can even put it on the players for why the characters were sent there. 

Yeah that could work, maybe they could be sent to Windglum, a city on the 3rd layer of Pandemonium where the Banished live.

I can think of a few 

• The classic hero trying to rescue some one from the realm of the dead story.  
• A member or aspiring member of the hunting party of Gorellik the forgotten hyena god.  Gorelik gives me wild hunt vibes so some one could follow him as he goes around the planes making chaos and end up in pandemonium 
• Some one trying to foil from cyric  prince of lies.  ( you can copy the plot from the disney sinbad movie  and have him steal something to  cause chaos that they player must get back) 
• Being stranded there and trying to escape. Maybe by crashing an inter-dimensional ship, dieing or being cursed.
• Completing some kind of right of passage for a magical order by entering pandemonium. Could be a powerful group of spell casters or something like the githzerai
• Abandoned undead from  the black tower  or an explorer trying to uncover it's mysteries 
• An escape treasure of Task the dragon god of greed. Either a living treasure like a performer or something like a golem. 
• some one magically bound to the plain, called to some location in it. Possibly a sorcerer or warlock

These are great, but I think the main conflict would be the Queen of Chaos's pursuit in trying to free Miska the Wolf Spider from his prison in the depths of Agathion. However, I would like to feature Cyric's Shattered Castle as a place in Pandemonium of importance, but I can't think of a way to connect the two.

• Well the wind dukes were involved in trapping Miska so they may carry champions there to  foil  the queen on the wind.  I.e picked up in a storm dorothy style
• Some one with part of the rod may be summoned by the queen who need it to free miska 
• cyric may want the rod of 7 parts or want to avoid freeing miska and so may set his own plans to foil the queen possibly sending followers to do so. He may also have some kind of leverage over a player. 

This is a great start, thank you all so much.

one of the few creatures that Live in pandemonium(i think) are Night Hags(even if they dont expressly live in pandemonium, they hang out on all the lower planes). Night Hags are really evil. they steal souls from dreaming mortals to sell on the black market, in like 3.5e they made frenkenstiens monster out of devil parts, they are TECHNICALLY feinds, but the're mostly just **** fey. if you want an a driving conflict, these are the monsters for you. and remember these are **** fey, so you can pull wahtever out of teh box **** with an evil twits and it'll make perfect sense