Does anyone use a ritual to bring people back from the dead? I know they do in the critical role, but I am curious if anyone else has tried something similar?

Also, do you give any negative side effects for dying and being brought back? 

I have not dealt with PC death in one of my campaigns yet.

As for debuffs, a few spells say this:

Coming back from the dead is an ordeal. The target takes a −4 penalty to all attack rolls, saving throws, and ability checks. Every time the target finishes a long rest, the penalty is reduced by 1 until it disappears.

i have also played in games where you start with 4 levels of exhaustion when you come back from the dead

Being raised from the dead reduces exhaustion by 1 (https://www.dndbeyond.com/sources/phb/appendix-a-conditions#Exhaustion). If you died from exhaustion, you would still have 5 levels of exhaustion when you are resurrected.

To each DM his own, in just pointing it out.

i think it was more like ... you died from failed death saving throws .... and it was just used to show how exhausting the process of dying and coming back was .... you had no exhaustion .... died ... and come back exhausted. 

A more aggressive negative circumstance than the -4 to ability checks.